• The manufacturer
• Ingredients and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
• Numerous physical/chemical properties
• Health problems or illnesses that could result from exposure
• What to use to put out a fire
• Correct handling, storage and disposal procedures
• Types of protective clothing required such as gloves, goggles and aprons
• Other topics such as Transportation, Toxicological or Special Precautions

If you need additional information from Nazdar, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or email us at [email protected].

Yes, all available SDS documents can be searched for and retrieved on the SourceOne.Nazdar.com websites SDS page.

If you need additional information from Nazdar, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or email us at [email protected].

CPSIA is a new law from the Consumer Product Safety Commission requires domestic manufacturers and importers to certify that children's products made after August 14, 2011 meet a requirement of no more than 100 parts per million (ppm) total lead and contain no more than 0.1% of certain specific phthalates.

The following PDF Fact Sheets from the SGIA will help printers to conform with this important regulation.

The SGIA CPSIA Fact Sheet
Tracking Labels Fact Sheet
Small Batch Manufacturers Fact Sheet
General Conformity Certificate Fact Sheet

More information about this regulation can be found on the CPSC's website.

And the following PDF Fact Sheets from Wilflex will help printers to maximize the use of Epic Inks.

Using Wilflex Epic Inks to Conform With CPSIA
Frequently Asked Questions about Wilflex Ink Conformity with CPSIA

If you need additional information from Nazdar, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or email us at [email protected].

Yes Nazdar Ink Technologies has provided Nazdar SourceOne with the following CPSIA documents for your use.

CPSIA Letter - Tested Inks
CPSIA Letter - Untested Inks
CPSIA Letter - Misc Cleaners and Supplies

If you need additional information from Nazdar, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or email us at [email protected].

The following are letters Nazdar SourceOne has received from our suppliers. If additional information is needed regarding these supplier letters, please contact the manufacturer directly.

Albatross, USA Inc. - Lead and Phthalates Statement

CCI - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Claire Manufacturing Company - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Cudner O'Connor - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Easiway Systems - Phthalates Statement

EFI Vutek - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Ikonics Corp - Phthalates Statement

International Coatings Company, Inc. - CPSIA, OSHA, RCRA, Prop 65, Phthalate Free and European Safety Standards Statement.

KIWO - Lead and Phthalates Statement

MacDermid Autotype - Phthalates Statement

Magna Colours - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Pleiger Plastics Company - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Roland - 2014 CPSIA Statement

SEFAR - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Sprayway - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Tekmar - Lead and Phthalates Statement

Ulano - Phthalates Statement

Unitex - Phthalates Statement


If you need additional information from Nazdar, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or email us at [email protected].

The Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive applies to manufacturers, sellers, distributors, and recyclers of electrical and electronic equipment containing lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls or polybrominated diphenyl ethers, Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP).

Following is a letter from Nazdar indicating conformity regarding the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive.

ROHS - All Inks.pdf

ROHS - Misc Cleaners and Supplies.pdf

To obtain information from Nazdar regarding this Directive, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or e-mail us at [email protected]

Following is a letter from Nazdar listing the ink lines which comply with current TPCH regulations regarding content of lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, phthalates, and PFAS.

View the TPCH (CONEG) Inks Letter

Numerous states have passed hazardous packaging regulations impacting the graphic ink industry. This legislation, modeled after the Toxics in Packaging Clearing House (TPCH) toxics reduction legislation, sets limits on the amount of lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, phthalates, and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that can be found in any package or packaging components. Packaging components have been defined as any individual assembled part of a package, including inks and labels. The TPCH has taken over this model legislation originated by CONEG (Coalition of Northeastern Governors). Visit their website at: www.toxicsinpackaging.org for more information

Essentially, the law states that no product shall be offered for sale or for promotional purposes in a package that contains levels of the aforementioned heavy metals in excess of 100 parts per million (0.01%) (intentional introduction or incidental), total phthalates in excess of 100 parts per million (0.01%) (intentional introduction or incidental), or intentional introduction of PFAS.

Proposition 65, known as the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 was enacted as a ballot initiative in November 1986.

The Proposition was intended by its authors to protect California citizens and the State's drinking water sources from chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm, and to inform citizens about exposures to such chemicals.

Proposition 65 requires the Governor to publish, at least annually a list of chemicals known to the state to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity.

For more information concerning Prop65, please click on the link below 
www.oehha.ca.gov/prop65.html

Click here for Nazdar's Prop65 letter.

If you need additional information from SourceOne regarding Prop65, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or e-mail us at [email protected]

The following is a letter from Nazdar indicating conformity regarding the European Chemicals Agency's (ECHA) candidate list of items to be included on the list of Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC).

View SVHC Letter PDF Online.

If you need additional information from Nazdar, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or email us at [email protected].

Background:

In 2010, Congress passed the Dodd-Frank Act, which directs the Commission to issue rules requiring certain companies to disclose their use of conflict minerals if those minerals are "necessary to the functionality or production of a product" manufactured by those companies. Under the Act, those minerals include tantalum, tin, gold or tungsten.

Congress enacted Section 1502 of the Act because of concerns that the exploitation and trade of conflict minerals by armed groups is helping to finance conflict in the DRC region and is contributing to an emergency humanitarian crisis. Section 1502 of the Act amends the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 to add Section 13(p).

The Rule:

The final rule applies to a company that uses minerals including tantalum, tin, gold or tungsten if:

• The company files reports with the SEC under the Exchange Act.
• The minerals are "necessary to the functionality or production" of a product manufactured or contracted to be manufactured by the company.

The final rule requires a company to provide the disclosure on a new form to be filed with the SEC (Form SD).

Under the final rule, a company that uses any of the designated minerals is required to conduct a reasonable 'country of origin' inquiry that must be performed in good faith and be reasonably designed to determine whether any of its minerals originated in the covered countries or are from scrap or recycled sources.

Source: This information was quoted from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission webpage which has additional information on this legislation:

SEC - Final Rule: Click for PDF

SEC - Fact Sheet: Click for Page

SEC - FAQ: Click for Page

Following is a letter from Nazdar providing conformity regarding the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act on Conflict Minerals.

Conflict Minerals Document: Click for PDF

If you need additional information from Nazdar regarding this act, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or e-mail our Regulatory Compliance Department.

Often screen printers have questions concerning Food and Drug Administration (FDA) compliance of the ink they are using to print on food or food packaging. Commonly, the end user of the finished product will require a statement of FDA compliance from the printer. In turn, the printers are requesting FDA compliance from the ink manufacturers.

Several items must be looked at before one can determine if a screen printing ink is suitable for use on food products or food packaging.

First, is the ink going to be in direct or indirect contact with the food product? A processing or packaging component (ink) which is intended to be in immediate contact with the food is a direct contact material. An example is the inside surface of a bread bag which does come into contact with the loaf of bread. Indirect contact is only occasional or minimal contact with a food product. The outside surface of a bread bag is a good example of indirect contact. If a material will be in direct contact with food, it must be composed only of direct or indirect food additives as found in 21 CFR 170-189. Please note that none of Nazdar's inks are composed of direct or indirect food additives, and therefore are not suited for direct food contact use.

The second item in determining whether or not screen printing ink can be used in food applications is the presence of a food-contact-approved functional barrier. The FDA states that if there is a food-contact-approved functional barrier (e.g., resinous coating, protective film, transparent cover, etc.) separating printed material from the food, then such use of printing ink is not a food-additive situation. The functional barrier must be of sufficient thickness and continuity that it prevents the ink from passing through the coating and migrating to the food. The manufacturer of the barrier must employ good manufacturing practices to ensure that the barrier has formed a continuous coating so that no pinholing is present and the barrier is of sufficient thickness to prevent ink migration.

In a situation where a printer has an approved functional barrier between the surface to be printed and the food product, conventional water and solvent-based inks may be used for printing. To determine whether or not a functional barrier is of the quality needed to prevent ink migration, the FDA should be consulted. In addition to discussing functional barriers, the ink chemistry, application and end product use should be discussed and reviewed by the FDA prior to printing.

Ultra Violet curable screen inks (UV inks) have different properties than water and solvent-based inks. Because 100 percent polymerization or cure cannot be achieved or guaranteed in the UV process, there is the possibility that untreated residual monomers, oligomers and photo initiators remain in and on the surface of the printed ink film and may migrate to the food product. Currently neither UV inks nor UV raw materials are approved for direct or indirect food contact and are not recommended for use on food packaging even when separated by a functional barrier. Recently the FDA has delivered a ban on the use of lead and cadmium based decorations on the top 20mm of glass drinkware distributed in the US. The ban is intended to protect children.

Click here for Nazdar’s FDA Compliance letter.

For more information from the FDA, consult their website at: www.FDA.gov

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large, complex group of synthetic chemicals that have been used in consumer products around the world since about the 1950s. They are ingredients in various everyday products. For example, PFAS are used to keep food from sticking to packaging or cookware, make clothes and carpets resistant to stains, and create firefighting foam that is more effective.

PFAS molecules have a chain of linked carbon and fluorine atoms. Because the carbon-fluorine bond is one of the strongest, these chemicals do not degrade easily in the environment.

Many agencies have enacted or proposed regulations regarding PFAS.

Following is Nazdar's letter regarding PFAS:

Nazdar Inks - PFAS Letter

HMIS was developed by the National Paint and Coatings Association (NPCA) to provide information on the acute health hazards, flammability and reactivity of products encountered in the workplace at room temperatures. HMIS is a visual system using colors, numbers, letters of the alphabet and symbols to communicate risk information to workers. The HMIS program communicates necessary hazard information to supervisors and employees in a uniform and easily understandable manner. The program is based on a rating scheme designed to be as compatible as possible with hazard communication systems such as ANSI, NIOSH and others used by industry.

HMIS codes assigned are only suggested ratings based on anticipated normal screen printing applications. The employer has the ultimate responsibility for assigning these ratings and should fully evaluate the SDS, work practices and environmental conditions prior to assigning the appropriate ratings.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) released its changes to the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS). OSHA's intended purpose for these regulatory revisions is to bring the United States into alignment with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS). The Federal Register published the final HCS / GHS rule on March 26, 2012. The effective date of this final rule is 60 days after the date of publication.

Nazdar is well aware and fully comprehends these new requirements. We have already begun the preparations necessary to make the transition over to the new GHS required information. During the next few years, Nazdar will be updating our SDSs and Labels and plan to complete the updates before the deadline of June 1, 2015.

See below for specific information taken directly from OSHA's website regarding the new HCS. In addition you can obtain more information concerning the implications of the new HCS on your business online at OSHA.gov

If you need additional information from Nazdar, please contact the Regulatory Compliance Department at (913) 422-1888 or email us at [email protected].

The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is now aligned with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS). This update to the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) will provide a common and coherent approach to classifying chemicals and communicating hazard information on labels and safety data sheets.

Hazard Communication Standard

In order to ensure chemical safety in the workplace, information about the identities and hazards of the chemicals must be available and understandable to workers. OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) requires the development and dissemination of such information:

• Chemical manufacturers and importers are required to evaluate the hazards of the chemicals they produce or import, and prepare labels and safety data sheets to convey the hazard information to their downstream customers.
• All employers with hazardous chemicals in their workplaces must have labels and safety data sheets for their exposed workers, and train them to handle the chemicals appropriately.

• Hazard classification: Provides specific criteria for classification of health and physical hazards, as well as classification of mixtures.
• Labels: Chemical manufacturers and importers will be required to provide a label that includes a harmonized signal word, pictogram, and hazard statement for each hazard class and category. Precautionary statements must also be provided.
• Safety Data Sheets: Will now have a specified 16-section format.
• Information and training: Employers are required to train workers by December 1, 2013 on the new labels elements and safety data sheets format to facilitate recognition and understanding.

The table below summarizes the phase-in dates required under the revised Hazard Communication Standard (HCS):

* This date coincides with the European Union implementation date for classification of mixtures.

Founded in 1970, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was established to protect the health and safety of America's workers. SourceOne works continually to keep its customers aware of OSHA's policies and new government regulations.

Please review the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970.

29 CFR 1910 Regulations

Occupational Safety and Health Standards
Some regulations of interest for the screen ink, paint and coatings industries are: Hazard Communication (29 CFR 1910.1200)

The basic goal of a Hazard Communication Standard is to ensure that employers and employees know about work hazards and how to protect themselves; in order to reduce the incidence of chemical source illnesses and injuries. This is accomplished by requiring chemical manufacturers and importers to evaluate the hazards of the chemicals they produce or import and providing information about them through labels on shipped containers and more detailed information sheets called Safety Data Sheets (SDSs).

Employee Emergency Plans and Fire Prevention Plans (29 CFR 1910.38)

The goal of the Employee Emergency and Fire Prevention Plans Standard is to provide a safe working environment and provide a plan for escape in an emergency situation.

Personal Protective Equipment Subpart I (29 CFR 1910.132 - 139)

The Personal Protective equipment standard provides regulations applied to the use of safety glasses, gloves, respirators, head and foot protection.

Two regulations that may apply to the screen ink, paint and coatings industries are:
Eye and Face Protection - OSHA Standard (29 CFR 1910.133)
Respiratory Protection - OSHA Standard (29 CFR 1910.134)

Disclaimer
The pages contained within this website contain links that may not be controlled by SourceOne. We take no responsibility for the views, content or accuracy of this information.

OSHA's hazard communication standard requires employers to maintain a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for each hazardous chemical and to make the SDS available to employees. Consult www.osha.gov for the latest information.

News from OSHA
For a list of new OSHA topics, please click the link below:
www.OSHA.gov

SGIA
Check out the government affairs section of Screenprinting and Graphic Imaging Association's (SGIA) website for additional regulatory matters that may affect your screen printing operations.
www.SGIA.org/govt

The OSHA 300 log is used for recording and classifying occupational injuries and illnesses and for noting the extent of medical care provided.

Click if you need more information regarding the OSHA 300 log.

.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are defined by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as organic compounds which participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions. In terms that we can all understand, a VOC is anything that evaporates and causes air pollution.

Not a VOC:

• Water: Evaporates but doesn't cause harmful air pollution.
• Resin: Doesn't have the ability to evaporate.
• Pigment: Dry powder, therefore doesn't evaporate.

Solvents used in inks and associated products are the main concern to the coating industry. Solvents have the ability to evaporate and meet the criteria of an air pollutant. (Examples of VOCs are xylene and toluene.)

The amount of VOCs in products are determined by calculating the amount of solvent present in a gallon or liter of ink, excluding water and EPA-exempt solvents, and expressed in either pounds per gallon, or grams per liter.

Knowing the weight per gallon (WPG) and the weight solids of a solvent-based ink, the VOCs can be calculated according to the following equation:

VOC = WPG x (100% minus % solids in product)

For example, a solvent based ink weighing 10.0 pounds per gallon and having a weight solids of 70% would have the following VOC amount:

VOC = 10.0 WPG x (100% - 70%)

VOC = 10.0 WPG x (30%)

VOC = 3.0 WPG (3.0 pounds of VOCs exist in each gallon of ink)

To convert pounds per gallon to grams per liter (g/L) use the following conversion factor:

Lb/Gal to g/L....multiply by 119.84

g/L to Lb/Gal....divide by 119.84

In the example above, to convert 3.0 Lb/Gal of VOCs to g/L, perform the following:

3.0 X 119.84 = 359.5 g/L (359.5 grams of VOCs exist in each liter of ink)

UV inks cure only by exposure to ultraviolet light - not evaporation - and are 100% solid (solvent and water-based inks are approximately 50% solid and 50% solvent or water).

UV inks contain acrylates which may cause:

• irritation
• redness
• burns
• blistering (contact with the skin)*

*Repeated skin contact may cause sensitization. Sensitized individuals may develop the previous symptoms even if exposed to small quantities of ink.

Wear impervious gloves and protective glasses. Wear impervious aprons and shoes (Press operators).

• Immediately flush eyes with large amounts of cool water (15 minutes) and seek medical attention. A SDS of the product should be taken to the doctor.
• Immediately wash skin with large amounts of water. Use soap and water or other skin cleaning compounds to remove ink.
• Never try to remove UV ink from the skin by using solvent or thinners. Such action is likely to increase the possibility of undesirable effects.
• The presence or consumption of food, beverages or smoking materials should be banned from the work environment. Operators should wash their hands thoroughly prior to eating, drinking or smoking to eliminate accidental ingestion of UV curable materials.
• All garments and protective clothing, soiled with even small amounts of UV materials, should be discarded or laundered in hot water and detergent, separately from other garments.
• Housekeeping should emphasize the necessity of cleaning up spills, cleaning utensils such as measuring equipment, knives and stirrers. Because UV ink will not dry unless exposed to intense UV light, it is easily spread from one area to another without anyone realizing it.

The most important item in UV safety is proper training in the correct use and housekeeping of ultraviolet curable inks. If the above steps are followed, UV ink will provide excellent results with minimal health and safety problems.

At SourceOne®, safety is always first. Because of this, we urge our customers to use the utmost care when handling our products. In case of an emergency, the following measures should be taken:

Exposure to Chemicals 

If someone is exposed to a hazardous chemical:

• Administer first aid properly
• Decide immediately whether an emergency medical response service is needed. If so, notify the proper authorities.
• If time permits, access an SDS from this web site.

If a hazardous material is spilled during transport notify Chemtrec®, the 24-hour emergency response organization specializing in hazardous material accidents.

In the US, Canada, and the Virgin Islands: (800) 424-9300

Calls originating elsewhere: (703) 527-3887

Feel free to email the Nazdar SourceOne Regulatory Compliance Department for any additional information.

Any solid, liquid, or contained gaseous material that is no longer useable and is either recycled, thrown away or stored until enough has been generated to treat or dispose.

A non-hazardous waste mixed with either a characteristic or listed waste will be considered hazardous waste.

There are two ways a waste may be identified as HAZARDOUS:

CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTES: A waste that exhibits any of the following characteristics:

• IGNITABLE - Inks, Solvents - Flash Point less than 140°F
• CORROSIVE - Acids, Caustics - pH less than or equal to 2 or greater than or equal to 12.5
• REACTIVE - Explosives, Peroxides
• TOXIC - Metals, Pesticides, Organics

LISTED WASTES: A waste is considered hazardous if it appears on any one of the four lists of hazardous waste contained in EPA regulations. These wastes have been listed because they either exhibit one of the characteristics described above or contain any number of toxic constituents that have been shown to be harmful to health and the environment. The regulations list over 400 hazardous wastes, including waste derived from manufacturing processes and discarded commercial chemical products.

Generator Categories

Important: These categories may vary by state. The categories below dictate the amount of regulations that will be applicable to the generator. A smaller amount of waste generated means a smaller amount of applicable regulations.

CONDITIONALLY EXEMPT SMALL QUANTITY GENERATORS: 
Generates less than 220 lbs/month of a hazardous waste

SMALL QUANTITY GENERATORS: 
Generates between 220 - 2200 lbs/month of a hazardous waste

LARGE QUANTITY GENERATORS: 
Generates 2200 lbs/month or more of a hazardous waste

A printer will commonly generate wastes that can be identified as hazardous. Processes that can generate wastes are screen cleaning, screen reclaiming, color matching and outdated/unusable materials.

EXAMPLE 1: 
If waste ink is accumulated that has a flash point less than 140°F or contains enough lead to be regulated, then this waste will be considered hazardous.

EXAMPLE 2: 
If a screen wash is accumulated that has a flash point greater than 140°F, but contains a material that is considered toxic (e.g. Methyl Ethyl Ketone) or contains a listed waste (e.g. Xylene, Toluene), then this waste is considered hazardous.

The Department of Transportation has clearly defined regulations regarding the shipment of any hazardous material by ground, air, or water.

Hazardous material is separated into nine hazard classes. The most common classes associated with Ink and chemical products are:

Class 3 Flammable Liquids (Solvent based inks, thinners, retarders & screen washes)
Class 5 Oxidizing Substances (Screen Reclaiming Products)
Class 6 Toxic Substances (Spot Cleaning Products)
Class 8 Corrosive Substances (Screen Products)

Visit www.dot.gov for the latest issues regarding shipping, including the newly adopted rules on subsidiary risk labels.

Department of Transportation (DOT) 49 CFR Parts 100 to 185 regulates all ground, air and water shipments in the U

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) regulates all air shipments in the US and internationally. Another organization to be familiar with is the International Air Transport Association. IATA is a private organization that publishes a set of regulations on transporting hazardous materials by air. These regulations contain additional air carrier requirements.

All international shipping by water is regulated by the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. International Maritime Organization.

All Canadian transportation regulations are enforced under the federal Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992.

You can be assured all SourceOne personnel that prepare hazardous materials for shipment are thoroughly trained in accordance with the latest shipping regulations. All other persons involved with the safe transportation of such materials should also be trained. Any hazardous materials must be properly classified, packaged, marked, and labeled, and the shipment must be documented. Hazmat Training.

Trust the 24 hours a day, seven days a week services of CHEMTREC® in the event of any chemical transportation emergency. CHEMTREC® will offer immediate advice at the scene of any accident, and will assist the shipper with the necessary follow-up procedures.

In the US, Canada, and US Virgin Islands: (800) 424-9300

Calls elsewhere: (800) 527-3887.

www.ChemTrec.org

CANUTEC
CANUTEC is the Canadian Transportation Emergency Center operated by Transport Canada. It also offers services assisting with any chemical transportation emergency.

(613) 996-6666 - www.tc.gc.ca/eng/canutec/menu.htm

Hazardous Material Transportation-subsidiary risk labels
For the most current information about ICAO/IATA and DOT'S new rules for subsidiary risk labels, contact SourceOne's Regulatory Compliance Department at [email protected] -or- Visit DOT's website at www.dot.gov.

When shipping hazardous materials, the carrier (e.g. UPS) may apply an additional charge. Exceptions are available and can be used to avoid these additional charges. Whenever possible, SourceOne uses available exceptions to reduce or eliminate the additional charges.

For the most current information about ICAO/IATA and DOT"S new rules for subsidiary risk labels, contact SourceOne's Regulatory Compliance Department at [email protected] -or- Visit DOT's website at www.dot.gov.

The following are the mandatory and voluntary standards for children's toys:

MANDATORY STANDARD

Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint (16 CFR 1303) This mandatory standard (regulation) was issued by a U.S. government agency and has the force of law. Toys or other articles intended for use by children are not to be marketed if they bear lead-containing paint or other surface coatings (ink). Lead-containing paint or other surface coatings are defined as having lead in excess of 0.06% (600 ppm) of the weight of the total nonvolatile content of the paint or the weight of the dried paint film. Paint and similar surface-coating materials such as varnish, shellac and lacquer are banned from paint intended for use in residences, schools, hospitals, parks, playgrounds, public buildings, and other areas where consumers will have direct access to painted surfaces, if the paint or surface coating contains lead or lead compounds in excess of 0.06% (600 ppm).

VOLUNTARY STANDARDS

Voluntary standards are issued by private groups, often through a consensus process. Their use is wholly voluntary, unless a state or local governmental entity has adopted or incorporated them. These standards are often required by the end receiver of printed products. Although they are not law, they may be required by customers.

VOLUNTARY SAFETY STANDARD FOR TOYS (ASTM F 963 - 96a)

This voluntary standard sets limits for the amount of antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury and selenium in surface-coating materials applied to children's toys. These limits are as follows:

 :

EUROPEAN SAFETY STANDARD FOR TOYS (EN 71-3: 1994)

The European standard for toys sets limits for the same chemicals as the Voluntary ASTM F-963 standard. All limits are identical except for Barium whose limit is set at 500 ppm or 0.0500%.