(Quoted from Sign & Digital Graphics. Full Article here.)

How a color appears is a result of its three basic characteristics: hue, saturation and brightness. The hue is the color’s position on the color wheel, the saturation (also called chroma) is the intensity of a color, and the brightness (also called value) is the level of lightness or darkness of a color. Successful color schemes are the result of the interaction of these characteristics between multiple colors.

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